INTRODUCTION TO
PHYSICS
01. (i)Define; (a)Physics (b) Energy
(c) matter.
(ii)Give three states of
matter..
02. (a)What is (i) A
fact? (ii) theory ?
(b)Give the application of physics at
home. At least five application.
03. Briefly explain how physics is applied in;-
(a)
Medicine
(b)
Agriculture
(c) Industries.
INTRODUCTION TO
LABORATORY PRACTICE
01. (a)What is the laboratory?
(b)Give
five features of a good laboratory.
02. (a)What is an experiment?
(b)Mention
five laboratory rules.
03. (a)What is the laboratory accident?
(b)Give
at least six causes of a laboratory accident?
04. (a)What is (i) First aid ?
(ii) First aid kit?
(b)List
ten components of the first aid kit and clearly state the use of each when
attending a victimized person.
MEASUREMENTS IN
PHYSICS
01. Define:
a)
mass
b)
Length
c)
Volume
d)
Scalar quantity
e)
Vector quantity .
02. What are
a)
Fundamental quantities
?
b)
Derived quantities?
Give four (4) examples of each .
03. Give four (4)differences between Mass and Weight .
04. Draw a well labeled diagram which shows ,
(i)
Micrometer screw gauge
(ii)
Vernier calipers
(iii)
Spring balance
05. What are the operational principle of,
(i) A beam balance ?
(ii) Spring balance ?
06. What was the weight of the following masses when the earths
gravitational pull at the place was
9.8N∕ kg ,
a)
0.02kg ? (b) 24g? (c) 0.72tonne?
b)
56kg ?
07. How many liters are there in 4500m3 of water ?
DENSITY AND RELATIVE DENSITY
01.
A tin containing
5000cm3 of paint has a mass of 7.0kg
(i)
if the mass of the
empty tin: include the lid is 0.5kg. calculate the density of the paint.
(ii)
If the tin is made of
metal which has a density of 7800kg/m3; calculate the of the metal
used to make the metal and the lid.
02.
An object has a mass
of 100kg and a volume of 20m3.
what is its density?
03.
An object has a mass
if 40000kg and a volume of 5m3. What is its density?
04.
A water tank measures
2m x 4m x 5m. what mass of water will it contain?( Hint: Density of water =
1000kg/m3)
05.
An object has a mass
of 2000kg and a density of 4000kg/m3. What is its volume?
06.
A stone of mass 30g is placed in a
measuring cylinder containing some water. The reading of the water level
increases from 50cm3 to 60cm3. what is the density of the
stone?
07.
The density of air is
1.3kg/m3. what mass of air is contained in a room measuring 2.5m x4m
x10m?
08.
What is the mass of a piece of wood of density 0.6g/cm3
and volume.
FORCES
01.
(a). Define Force.
(b) State and define the SI Unit of
force.
02.
Give at least eight
types of force.
03.
(a) What is friction?
(b) Give the two types of friction
04.
Define:
(i)
Limiting friction
(ii)
Dynamic friction
05.
(a) Give:
(i)
Three merits of
friction
(ii)
Three negative effects
of friction
(b)Name three best ways of reducing
friction
06.
Briefly explain the
following:-
a)
Working on wet ice is
difficult
b)
It is more difficult
to pull a boat on the beach than in the sea,
c)
Wet flows and wet
roads are dangerous
d)
cars are likely to
skid on loose gravel.
e)
Aborigines lights
fires by rubbing pieces of wood together
f)
Sliding down a rope
can burn you
g)
Racing cyclist wear
smooth tight clothes
h)
Speed boats have
sharper bows than barges.
ARCHIMEDES
PRINCIPLE AND LAW OF FLOATATION.
01.
(a) State Archimedes principle.
(b)A block of metal density 2700kg/m3
has a volume of 4.0 x 10-2m3.
Calculate:-
(i)
The mass of the block
(ii)
The apparent weight
when immersed in a brine of density 1200kg/m3.
02.
(a)State the law of
floatation.
(b)A piece of cork with volume 100cm3 is
floating on water. If the density of cork is 0.25g/cm3.
(i)
Calculate the volume
of cork immersed in water.
(ii)
What force is needed
to immerse the cork completely?
(Assume mass of 1gm has weight of 0.01N).
(c)Ice has a density about 0.9g/cm3.What
fraction of the volume of an ice berg is
submerged in
water?
03.
A metal cube of sides
2cm weigh 0.56N in air. Calculate;-
a)
Its apparent weight
when immerse in white spirit of density 0.85g/cm3.
b)
The density of a metal
which it is made.
04.
An ordinary hydrometer
of mass 28g floats with 3cm of its 0.75cm2.Find the total volume of
the hydrometer and length of stem above the surface when it floats in a liquid
of relative density 1.4.
05.
A block of wood mass
24kg floats in water. The volume of wood is 0.032m3 Find:-
a)
The volume of the
block below the surface of the water.
b)
The density of the
wood.[Density of water = 1000kg/m3]
06.
(a) Define:-
(i)
Density
(ii)
Up thrust
(iii)
Apparent weight.
(b). A cube of wood volume 0.2m3 and density
600kg/m3 is placed in a liquid of density 800kg/m3.
(i)
What fraction of the
volume of the wood would be immersed in the liquid?
(ii)
What force must be
applied to the cube so that the top surface of the cube is on the same level as
the liquid surface?
07.
Describe the structure
and mode of action of a Hydrometer.
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER.
01.
(a)Define matter
(b)Mention the three states of matter
and give four (4) examples on each state.
02.
(a)Define;
(i)
Osmosis
(ii)
Capillarity
(iii)
Surface Tension.
(b)Explain why;
(i)
Solids have a definite
shape but liquids flows.
(ii)
Solids and liquids
have fixed size but gases fill whatever container they
are in.
03.
Explain why perfume
can be smelt some distance away from the person wearing it.
04.
(a)What is Brownian
movement?
(b)What change would you expect to see in the movement if
the air was cooled down?
05.
Briefly Explain why a
tent made of canvas keeps out of water during rainy period?
06.
Why is it that needle
may float on clean water but sinks when some detergent is added to the water?
07.
(a)Define:
a)
Adhesion
b)
Cohesion.
(b)Briefly explain why water wets in
glass but mercury does not?
08.
A tin cane containing
air is sealed, If then heated, what can you say about ;-
a)
The average speed of
the molecules.
b)
How often the
molecules hit the walls of the cane?
c)
How hard the molecules
hit the walls?
d)
The air pressure
inside the can?
09.
Explain the
following;-
a)
Rain drops are almost
spherical
b)
A needle sink if
detergent is added into water.
c)
A needle can be
floated on water.
d)
Hairs cling together
when they are wet but not when they are dry.
e)
Small insects can
stand on the surface of water without sinking?
f)
Paints stick to a
wall.
g)
You can dry your hands
with a towel but not with a sheet of polythene.
h)
Kerosene rises up of a
wick of a lamp.
10.
(a)State Hooke’s law?
(b)What is meant by elastic limit.
11.
Write a brief account
of the phenomenon of diffusion in liquids and gases?
PRESSURE
01. (a)Define Pressure and state its SI unit.
(b)Define
Pascal as a unit of force.
02.
A television tube has
a flat rectangular end of size 0.40m by 0.30m.calculate thrust exerted on this
end by the atmosphere, if the atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x105 N/m2.
03.
(a)What is the
manometer?
(b)An open U- tube pressure gauge containing water shows a
different in level of 15cm when connected to a gas supply. Find in N/m2,the excess
pressure of the gas above atmospheric pressure in N/m2,the excess
pressure of the gas above Atmospheric pressure.
04.
State how pressure in
a liquid depends on;-
a)
The depth of the
liquid
b)
The density of the
liquid
05.
(a)State two factors
on which the pressure exerted by a liquid depends on.
(b)The atmospheric pressure on a particular day was measured as 750mmhg.What
is this pressure when it is measured in
Pascal’s (Pa) (N/m2). (g)=
10n/kg
06.
(a) Define “bar”?
(b) The air pressure at the base of a mountain is 750cmHg
and at the top is 60.0cmHg. Given that the average density of air is 1.25kg/m3 and the density of mercury is 13600kg/m3;
Calculate the height of the mountain.
07.
Draw a labeled diagram
of an aneroid barometer.
08.
Explain each of the
following:-
a)
Eskimos wear snow
shoes
b)
It is use full for
camels to have large flat feet.
c)
A dam is thicker at
its base than at the top.
d)
Deep sea divers have
to wear very strong diving suits.
e)
A giraffe must have a
stronger heart than human.
f)
A barometer will show
greater reading when taken down a coal mine.
09.
In a hydraulic brake,
a force of 500N is applied to a piston of area
5cm2.
a)
What is the pressure
transmitted throughout the liquid?
b)
If the other piston
has an area of 20cm2; what is the force exerted on it?
10.
(a) Define relative
density?
(b) In an experiment using Hare’s
apparatus, the lengths of methanol and
water
Columns
were found to be 16cm to 12.80cm
respectively.
(i)
Find the relative
density of methanol.
(ii)
If the length of
methanol column was altered to 21.50cm; what will be the new height of the
water column?
11.
(a) Define the term
“Pressure”.
(b) A rectangular log of wood of density
200kg/m3 has dimensions ;
0.3m x 0.5 m x 0.6m.
(i)
Calculate the maximum
pressure it exert on the ground, how is
it experienced.
(ii)
Calculate the minimum pressure it can exert on the
ground. How can this be Observed.
WORK, ENERGY AND POWER.
Given;- acceleration due to gravity (g)= 10N/kg.
011. (a) Define the term
“Energy”.
(b)A ball of mass 0.2kg is dropped from a height of 20M.On
impact with the ground it loses 30J of energy. Calculate the height it reaches
on the rebound.
02.2. (a)Define (i) Work (ii) Power (iii) Joule (iv) Watt.
(b)Give the condition necessary for the work to be done.
033 (a)Briefly explain,
when does a force become weight?
(b)A car of mass 1200kg is brought to rest by a uniform
force of 300N, in 80sec.
What was the speed of the car?
044.
(a)Define:
(i)
Kinetic energy
(ii)
Potential energy.
(b)Mention at least five (5) forms of energy
(c)State the principle of conservation of energy.
055. A man of mass 75kg
climbs 300m in 30 minutes, At what rate is he working?
066.
What is the power
output of a cyclist moving at a steady speed of 5.0m/s along a level road against a resistance of 20N?
077.
A crane lifts an iron
girder of mass 400kg at a steady speed
of 2.0ms-1.At what rate is the crane working?
088.
A box of mass 12kg is
pulled up a straight smooth incline at 300 to the horizontal, for a
distance of 5m.Calculate the work done.
099.
A man lifts a load of
720N through a height of 10m in 90sec. Calculate the man’s useful power.
1010.
(a)When does a force
do work?
(b)A man whose mass is 75kg walks up a flight of 12steps
each 20cm high in 5sec.
1111.
A ball of mass 1kg is
dropped from a height of 7m and rebounds to a height of 4.5m Calculate ;-
a)
Its Kinetic energy
just before impact b) Its initial
rebound velocity and K.E
LIGHT (SOURCE, TRANSMISSION and REFLECTION)
01.1
(a) Define:
(i)
Light
(ii)
Luminous body
(iii) Non-luminous body.
(b)
Briefly explain why is light a form of energy.
022.
(a) What are:
(i)
Opaque materials
(ii)
Transparent materials
(iii) Translucent materials
(b)
Give three examples of each of the types of materials mentioned in (a) above.
033.
Describe,
experimentally, the fact that light travels in a straight line.
04.
(a) What is a shadow?
(b) Why are shadows formed?
(c) Mention and explain the types of
shadows.
054.
(a) What is: (i) a ray of light?
(ii) a beam of
light?
(b) With the aid of diagrams; give the
three types of beams of light.
065. (a) What is reflection
of light?
(b) With the aid of well labeled diagrams, differentiate
the two types of reflection of light.
076.
(a)State the laws of
reflection of light.
(b) Give the common characteristics of the
image formed by a plane mirror.
087.
(a)Distinguish between
a Real and Virtual image.
(b) Give the common characteristics of the
image formed by a pin hole camera.
098. Show that the image of an object observed in a plane mirror is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front and that it has the same size as the object geometrically.
109.
(a)What is a
Periscope?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of a simple
periscope.
1110.
The angle between the
incident ray and the mirror is 30 ;
(a)
What is the angle of
incidence?
(b)
What is the angle of
reflection?
(c)
What is the total
angle turned by the ray?
1211.
A bay with a mouth 5cm
wide stands 2m from a plane mirror.
(a)
Where is his image?
and
(b)
How wide is the image
of his mouth?
(c)
He walks towards the
mirror at 1m/s. At what speed does his image approach the mirror?
FORCES IN EQUILIBRIUM.
011.
(a) Define moment of a
force.
(b) A mechanic applies a force of 300N to
un do a tight nut at a point on a spanner
which is
90cm from the nut. Calculate the moment of the force.
022.
Briefly explain the
following:-
a) A mechanic will choose a long spanner to un do a tight nut.
b) A door handle is placed well away from the height.
c) It is difficult to steer a bicycle by gripping the center
of the handle bars.
d) A bus carrying heavy load on its top carrier can easily
overturn.
033.
(a)State the
conditions of equilibrium when a body is acted upon by a number of
parallel
force.
b) A uniform metal tube of length 5m and mass 9kg is suspended
horizontally by two vertical wires attached at 50cm and 150cm respectively from
the ends of the tube. Find the tensions in each wire.
044.
Explain what is meant
by:
(i)
Stable equilibrium
(ii)
Unstable equilibrium
(iii) Neutral equilibrium
Give one
example of each.
(b)The magnitude of
moment of a force about a point is 1000Nm and the applied is 600N. find the
perpendicular distance between the point and the line of action of the force.
055.
(a)State the principle
of moments.
(b) Define center of gravity of an
object.
(c)A half meter rule is pivoted at 10cm mark and balanced
horizontally when a 45g mass is hung from 1cm mark. If the rule is uniform;
calculate its weight.
( use: 1g mass = 0.01N
066.
Briefly explain the
following:
a)
A Bunsen burner has a
wide heavy base.
b)
Racing cars are low,
with wheels wide apart.
c)
A boxer stands with
his legs well apart.
077. A uniform plank AB which is 6m long and has a weight of
300N is horizontally by two vertical
Ropes at A and B. A weight of 150N rests on the plank at C where AC =2m.
Find the tension in each rope.
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